ICT Policies/Telecom Policy

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Telecom Policy

b"/;~rf/ gLlt
(Telecommunications Policy)

 

!= b]zsf] kl/roM–

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lxdfnosf] blIf0fL e]udf cjl:yt e"–kl/j]li7t /fi6« g]kfnsf] pQ/df rLg / afsL tLg} efudf ef/t /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] If]qkmn !,$&,!*! ju{ ls=dL= 5, h;dWo] &&% e"–efu lxdfn / kxf8n] cf]u6]sf] 5 eg] @#% dfq v]tL of]Uo t/fO{sf] e"–efu 5 . b]zsf] pQ/L e]udf afx«} dlxgf lxp"n] 9flsPsf] x'G5 . k|foh;f] aif}{el/ pQ/ blIf0f eO{ aUg] 7"nf vf]nfx?n] ubf{ b'ud{ If]qdf k'Ug c´ sl7g ePsf] 5 . c´ aiff{tsf] ;dodf t/fO{lt/sf ;'Vvf gbLx?df ;d]t af9L cfpgfn] To; If]qdf oftfoftsf] ;d:of ;b}j hl6n x'g] u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnnfO{ k|zf;lgs cfwf/df &% lhNnfdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . tL lhNnfx?nfO{ klg kf"r -%_ ljsf; If]qdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . x/]s lhNnfnfO{ ;–;fgf k|zf;lgs OsfOdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 h;nfO{ uf=lj=;= / gu/kflnsf elgG5 . g]kfndf hDdf #,(!@ uf=lj=;= / %* gu/kflnsf 5g\ . uf=lj=;=n] u|fdL0f e]usf] 7"nf] If]q cf]u6]sf] 5 .

!=@ ef}uf]lns Pj+ hg;+Vofsf] l:yltM–

;g\ !((! sf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ g]kfnsf] hg;+Vof !*,*$!,)(& 5 / jflif{s )=)@% n] hg;+Vofsf] a[l4 eO{ /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf sl/j ()% hgtfx? u|fdL0f If]qdf a;f]af; ub{5g\ . sf7df8f}+ pkTosf / t/fO{ If]qdf dflg;sf] a;fO{;/fO{sf] ult a[l4 ePsf] sf/0fn] u|fdL0f If]qdf dflg;sf] a;f]af; b/ 36\g] u/]sf] 5 . tnsf] tflnsf g+= ! n] g]kfndf hg;+VofnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ ljleGg efusf] ef}uf]lns l:ylt bzf{p"5 .

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6]lnkmf]g nfOg ljt/0fsf] ;Gbe{df eg] kf"r ljsf; If]qdf lgs} 7"nf] cGt/ /x]sf] 5 . tnsf] tflnsf g+= @ n] o;sf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fp"5 .

ljsf; If]q

If]qkmn % df

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@= g]kfnsf] ljBdfg b"/;+rf/ If]qsf] cj:yfM

@=! ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ If]qsf] ;+/rgfM

>L % sf] ;/sf/, ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ dGqfno g]kfndf ;Dk"0f{ ;+rf/ If]qsf] ljsf; tyf ;Dj4{g sfo{sf] nflu pQ/bfoL /x]sf] 5 . o; dGqfno cGtu{t g]kfndf lgDg lgsfox? dfkm{t ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;]jfx? pknJw u/fOPsf 5g\ M–

-s_ x'nfs ;]jf ljefu (Department of Postal Service)

-v_ ;"rgf ljefu (Department of Information)

-u_ d'b|0f ljefu (Department of Printing)

-3_ g]kfn b"/;+rf/ k|flws/0f (Nepal Telecommunications Authority)

-ª_ g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfg (Nepal Telecommunications Corporation)

-r_ /]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jf ljsf; ;ldlt (Radio Nepal)

-5_ g]kfn 6]lnlehg (Nepal Television Corporation)

-h_ /fli6«o ;dfrf/ ;ldlt (National News Agency)

-´_ uf]/vfkq ;+:yfg (Gorkhapatra Corporation)

xfn g]kfndf /fli6«o / cGt{/fli6«o b"/;+rf/ nufot cfwf/e"t b"/;+rf/ ;]jf g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgn] k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . OG6g]{6, O–d]n h:tf ;]jfx? b]zsf s]xL k|d'v zx/x?df lghL If]qdf ;+rfnsx?n] pknJw u/fO/x]sf 5g\ . b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgn] sf7df8f}+ nufot cGo s]xL k|d'v zx/x?df df]jfOn tyf OG6g]{6 ;]fj z'? ug{ cfjZos k|lqmof z'? ul/;s]sf] 5 .

b"/;+rf/sf cGo cltl/Qm ;]jfx? (Value added services) h:t}M– /]l8of] k]lhË, k] kmf]g, lk| k]8 slnª sf8{, 6«+s df]jfOn /]l8of] h:tf ;]jfx? ;+rfng x'g af"sL /x]sf] 5 .

@=@ b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] jt{dfg cj:yfM–

g]kfndf 6«+s 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf s/Lj cf7 bzs cufl8b]lv :yfkgf eO{ b"/;+rf/sf] >Lj0f]z ePsf] xf] . ljqmd ;Djt\ @))^ ;fndf cfsfzjf0fL ;]jf z'? eP tfklg ljqmd ;Djt\ @)!@ ;fndf #)) nfOgsf] x:t ;+rflnt l;=lj= PS;r]~hsf] :yfkgf ePb]lv dfq ;j{;fwf/0fsf] k|of]usf nflu 6]lnkmf]g pkof]udf cfPsf] b]lvG5 . b"/;+rf/sf] ljsf;nfO{ ult k|bfg ug{ @)!^ ;fndf æ6]lnsDo"lgs]zg ljefuÆ sf] u7g eO{ b"/;+rf/ ljsf; sfo{df qmdzM lj:tf/ x'"b} @)#@ ;fndf g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgsf] :yfkgf kl5 dfq r/0fa4 ?kdf b"/;+rf/ If]qsf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/n] ult lng yfn]sf] kfOG5 . jt{dfg cj:yfdf Psflt/ b"/;+rf/sf] lj:tf/n] tLj| ult lng ;s]sf] 5 eg] csf{lt/ of] ;]jf d'n"ssf] cfly{s, /fhg}lts, ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] nflu k"jf{wf/ x'g k'u]sf] 5 . g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfg dfkm{t cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf cltl/qm 6]n]S; ;]jf, 8f6f ;]jf, km\ofs; ;]jf pknJw eO/x]sf]df @)%$ ;fnb]lv lghL If]qsf] ;lqmotfdf OG6g]{6, O–d]n tyf km\ofs; d]n ;]jfsf] klg z'?jft e};s]sf] 5 . xfn sf7df8f}+ nufot clw/fHosf cGo s]xL k|d'v zx/df tLg j6f lghL ;+:yfx?af6 OG6g]{6, O–d]n tyf km\ofS; d]n ;]jf pknJw u/fOPsf] 5 eg] g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgn] clw/fHosf (! :yfgx?df 6]lnkmf]g PS;r]~hsf] :yfkgf u/L ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf pknJw u/fO{ u|fxs ;+Vof !,(!,))) k'¥ofPsf] 5 . xfn clw/fHosf ;a} lhNnfx? tyf s/Lj ## k|ltzt ufp" ljsf; ;ldltx?df :yfglo 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf cltl/Qm cGtb]{zLo tyf cGt/f{li6«o 6«+s 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf klg pknJw 5 . sf7df8f}+df /x]sf] cy{ ;6]zg dfkm{t clw/fHosf ;a} lhNnfx?af6 ljZjsf !#! d'n'sx?df l;wf 8fon u/L 6]lnkmf]g ;Dks{ sfod ug{ ;lsG5 . @)$* ;fnb]lv @)%$ ;fn;Ddsf] cjlwdf g]kfndf 6]lnkmf]gsf] lj:tf/df ;/b/ jflif{s !$% n] a[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] of] a[l4 @)%# / @)%$ ;fndf qmdzM #^ / @$ k|ltztn] ePsf] 5 .

clwsf+z u|fdl0f If]qx?df cfwf/e"t b"/;rf/ ;]jf pknJw gePsfn] ;fdflhs pTyfg tyf ljsf; sfo{n] ck]lIft dfqfdf ult lng ;s]sf] 5}g . ;Lldt ef}uf]lns If]qdf pknJw ePsf OG6g]{6 tyf O–d]n h:tf ;]jf d"Nosf] sf/0fn] ubf{ hg;fwf/0f tyf z}lIfs If]qx?df cfzftLt ?kdf pkof]u x'g ;s]sf] kfOb}g . a}lsË tyf cGo cfly{s If]qdf ;+nug x'g] ;+:yfx?sf] nflu clt cfjZos ;]jfx? h:t} Data Services / Mobile Telephone h:tf ;]jfx? c´;Dd z'?jft ePsf 5}gg\ . cfkm\g} 6]lnkmf]g gx'g] clwsf+z hgtfx?sf] nflu clt ;xof]u k'Ug] tyf ko{6sxnfO{ ;d]t clt pkof]uL x'g] Payphone, Prepaid Telephone Card, Mobile Trunk Telephone h:tf ;]jfx? pknJw x'g af"sL g} 5 .

@=# 6]lnkmf]g g]6js{sf] ljsf;M

g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgn] 6]lnkmf]g nfOgsf] lj:tf/sf] ult a9fP/ 6]lnkmf]gsf] Ifdtf @,$),))) k'¥ofO{ !,(!,))) u|fxsx?nfO{ 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf pknJw u/fP tfklg clw/fHosf k|d'v zx/x?df 6]lnkmf]gsf] nflu k|tLIff ;"rLdf /x]sfx?sf] ;+Vof c´} s/Lj @,%),))) 5 . 6]lnkmf]g dfu u/]/ nfOg h8fg ug{sf] nflu ljtudf !) jif{eGbf a9L ;do;Dd kv{g' kg]{ lyltdf xfn cfP/ s]xL ;'wf/ eP klg c´} ^ b]lv ( jif{;Dd klv{/x]sf u|fxssf] ;+Vof klg k|z:t} 5 .

xfn g]kfndf 6]lnkmf]gsf] 3gTj k|lt Ps;o JolQm Pp6f 6]lnkmf]g /x]sf] 5 . of] ;+Vof o'/f]k tyf cd]l/sfsf ljsl;t /fi6« dfq xf]Og Plzof Kofl;lkms If]qdf ljsf;f]Gd'v d'n'sx?sf] t'ngfdf ;d]t lgSs} sd 5 .

@=$ b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ;DaGwL s]xL tYof°M

Asia Pacific Telecommunity (APT) n] !((^ df k|sflzt u/]sf] Statistical Year Book cg';f/ Plzof k|zfGt If]qsf s]xL d'n'sx?sf] 6]lnkmf]g 3gTj b/ lgDg tflnsfdf b]vfOPsf] 5 .

/fi6«

6]lnkmf]g 3gTj

GDP/Capita ($)
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rLg

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@,)$# (Yuan)
dn]lzof

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!((^ sf] APT Year Book df cfwfl/t

tflnsf g+= #

@=% ljZj Jofkf/ ;u7g (WTO)M

b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] jt{dfg Jofkf/sf] wf/0ff !((& km]a|'c/Ldf ePsf] WTO ;Dd]ngsf] ;D´f}tfaf6 ljsf; epsf] b]lvG5 . cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] lj:tf/ ljZjJofkL ?kdf u/fpgsf nflu To; ;Dd]ngdf Pp6f cfwf/kq tof/ kfl/Psf] lyof] . g]kfn klg WTO sf] ;b:o /fi6« ePkl5 pQm cfwf/kqdf plNnlvt gLltsf] cg';/0f u/L b"/;+rf/ If]qf pbf/Ls/0f gLlt cjnDag ug'{kg]{ x'G5 .

@=^ b"/;+rf/ P]g, @)%#M

b/;+rf/sf If]qdf pbf/Ls/0fsf] gLlt ckgfpg], o; If]qsf] ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/sf] sfo{df lghL If]qsf] ;d]t ;xeflutf u/fpg tyf b"/;+rf/ ;]jfx? ;lhn} / plrt d"Nodf pknJw u/fpg] p2]Zon] >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 b"/;+rf/ P]g, @)%# sf] Joj:yf ePsf] 5 . jt{dfg b"/;+rf/ P]gn] b"/;+rf/ If]qsf] ljsf;nfO{ cfw'lgstftkm{ pGd'v u/fPsf] 5 . pQm P]gsf] p2]Zo cg'?k g]kfndf b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ljsf;sf] ultdf tLj|tf Nofpg b"/;+rf/ g]6js{ ;+rfns / ;]jf k|bfosx?af6 :jR5 k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fdf ;]jf ;+rfng u/fpg] sfdsf] nflu g]kfn b"/;+rf/ k|flws/0fsf] u7g ePsf] 5 .

#= b"/;+rf/ ljsf;df b]vf k/]sf ;d:ofx? (Main Constraints)M

zx/L Pj+ cw{zx/L If]q dfq geP/ u|fdL0f If]qdf ;d]t b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] dfu lbg k|ltlbg a9\b} uPsf] / dfusf] cfk"lt{ ;dod} x'g ;Sg] u/L b"/;+rf/sf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ u/fpg >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] gLlt /x] tfklg lgDg sf/0fx?af6 g]kfndf b"/;~rf/ ;]jf ljsf;sf] utldf tLj|tf cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g .

$= b"/;+rf/ gLltsf] cfjZostfM

b]zdf k|hftGqsf] k'gM :yfkgf eO;s]kl5, b]zsf] cfly{s / ;fdflhs ljsf;df ljleGg dxTjk"0f{ k"jf{wf/x?sf] lgdf{0f eO{ sfof{Gjog ;d]t eO/x]sf] 5 . o; kl/k|]Iodf pko'Qm / u'0f:t/Lo b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] cfjZostf b]zsf] x/]s If]qdf dxz'; ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . oxL cfjZostfsf] kl/k"lt{ ug{sf] nflu >L % sf] ;/sf/n] b"/;+rf/ P]g, @)%# nfu' u/]sf] / casf] k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fdf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] u/L g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgnfO{ ljsl;t ug]{ tyf o; If]qsf] ljsf;df lghL If]qnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg] sfo{qmd yflnPsf] 5 . b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ;/sf/sf] k|zf;lgs, cfly{s / cGo ;a} ;fdflhs sfd sf/jflxsf] nflu ckl/xfo{ 5 . s'g} klg /fi6«sf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s Pj+ ;f:s[lts ljsf;sf] nflu b"/;+rf/ If]qsf] ljsf; x'g' h?/L 5 . ljZjdf cy{tGqdf ;xefuL x'g tyf k|hftGqsf] ;d'lrt ljsf;sf] nflu klg b"/;+rf/n] k"jf{wf/sf] e"ldsf v]n]sf] x'G5 . b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ;"rgfd"ns k|ljlw tyf o;sf] plrt k|of]usf] nflu klg ge} gx'g] k"jf{wf/ x'g'sf] ;fy} o;n] sd vlr{nf] / k|b"if0f /lxt oftfoftsf] a}slNks e"ldsf lgjf{x ub{5 . pBf]uwGbf, s[lif, :jf;Yo, lzIff / cGo k|d'v ;fdflhs tyf ;f:s[lts If]qdf b"/;~rf/sf] k|of]un] 7"nf] kmfObf lng ;lsg] x'G5 . o;y{ b"/;~rf/n] ;a} If]qsf k|d'v sfo{x?sf] ;+rfngdf ;sf/fTds k|efj kfg]{ ljZjf; lglZrt 5 .

b"/;~rf/sf] ljsf;n] zx/L If]qsf] ljsf;df of]ubfg lbg], u|fdL0f b"/;~rf/sf] :yfkgfn] u|fdl0f If]qdf cfly{s ljsf;sf] jftfj/0fsf] ;[hgf ug{ ;Sg], ck|ToIf ?kdf zx/df a;fO ;g]{ qmd sd x'"b} hfg] / ko{6g Joj;fo nufot cGo lgof{td"ns pBf]u h:tf Joj;fox?df ;sf/fTds e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ :ki6 5 .

o;/L b"/;+rf/sf] k|of]usf] JofkstfnfO{ dgg ubf{ b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] :ki6 / gLlt / kf/bzL{ x'g' af~5gLo ePsf]n] /fli6«o ;+rf/ gLlt, @)$( cGtu{t /xL of] b"/;+rf/ gLlt tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .

of] gLlt ;Dk"0f{ b"/;~rf/ If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu lgb]{lzsfsf] ?kdf /xg]5 .

%= b"/;~rf/ gLltsf] p2]ZoM

/fi6«n] cËLsf/ u/]sf] cfly{s pbf/Ls/0f Pj+ v'nfkgsf] cjwf/0ff cg'?k b"/;+rf/ If]qdf klg pbf/Ls/0fsf] gLlt nfu" u/L lghL If]qsf] ;d]t ;xeflutfdf :jR5 k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fdf pRr:tl/o, e/kbf]{ Pj+ plrt ;]jf z'Nsdf ljleGg lsl;dsf b"/;+rf/ ;]jfx? ;j{;'ne jgfpg' of] gLltsf] d'Vo p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 .

%=! jt{dfg / eljiosf] dfusf] k"lt{M

dfu cg'?k 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf pknJw u/fpg g;s]sf] tyf k|tLIff/t u|fxssf] ;+Vof klg rfn' 6]lnkmf]g ;+Vofsf] t'ngfdf lgs} a(L ePsf] / aiff}{b]lv 6]lnkmf]gsf] nflu k|ltIff ul//xg' kg]{ jt{dfg l:yltnfO{ cGTo u/L dfu cg'?k ;dod} 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf pknJw u/fpgfsf ;fy;fy} cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf cltl/Qm cGo gof" gof" b"/;+rf/ ;]jfx? klg pknJw u/fpg] .

%=@ Universal Access:

clw/fHosf h'g;'s} 7fp"df ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;d]t cfwf/e"t b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] ;'ljwf pknJw ug]{ cj:yf ;[hgf ug]{ Jofks kx'"r (Universal Access) sf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/ cfkm\g} 5'§} 6]lnkmf]g nfog g/fv]sf JolQmx?n] klg cfjZos k/]sf] a]nf ;lhn};"u 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] u/L pko'Qm ;]jfsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .

%=# u|fdl0f tyf b'u{e If]qdf b"/;~rf/ ;]jfM

ef}uf]lns If]qx?sf] jt{dfg If]qLo c;Gt'ngtfnfO{ sd ub}{ ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;åf/f ;Gt'lnt If]qLo ljsf; ub}{ hfg] cjwf/0ff cg'?k b]zsf u\fdL0f tyf b"u{d If]qdf klg b"/;+rf/ ;]jf pknJw u/fpg] x]t'n] k|To]s uf=lj=;= df sDtLdf klg Pp6f ;fj{hlgs 6]lnkmf]gsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .

%=$ cfly{s bIftf (Economic Efficiency)M

b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k|bfosx?åf/f ;+rflnt ;]jfx?dwo] s'g} Ps ;]jfaf6 x'g] cfDbfgL csf]{ ;]jfdf cg'bfg (Cross Subsidy) sf] ?kdf k|of]u ug{ /f]s nufO{ ;se/ nfutdf cfwfl/t dxz'n lgwf{/0f u/L ;]jf ;+rfngdf cfly{s bIftf (Economic Efficiency) Nofpg k|of; ug]{ .

%=% k""hL nufgLdf ;'b[9Ls/0f (Improved Access to Capital)M

b]zsf] ;jf{ËL0f ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ b"/;~rf/ ;]jf pknJw u/fpg k|z:t k""hL cfjZos kg]{ / pQm k""hLsf] Joj:yf >L % sf] ;/sf/n] dfq Joxf]g{ g;Sg] ePsf]n] b"/;~rf/ If]qsf] ljsf; sfo{df cfjZos k""hL ;+rfngsf] nflu lghL If]qnfO{ klg ;+nUg u/fO{ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL nufgLnfO{ ;d]t cfslif{t u/fpg] .

%=6 g]kfn b"/;~rf/ ;+:yfgsf] ;+/rgfdf kl/jt{gM

;/sf/L :jfldTj, lgoGq0f / ;+rfngdf /x]sf ;+:yfgx?nfO{ lghL If]qdf x:tfgt/0f ug]{ / lghL If]qsf] ljsf; tyf k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf a9fpg] >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] gLlt /x] cg'?k lghL If]qnfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/fO{ :jR5 k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fdf sfd ug{ ;Sg] agfpg g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgsf] ljBdfg ;+/rgfdf kl/jt{g ug]{ .

%=& k|lt:kwf{af6 u|fxsnfO{ ;]jf k|bfo /f]Hg cj;/ lbg] (Customer choice by Competition):

u|fxsnfO{ plrt d"Nodf l56f] 5l/tf] / u'0f:t/o'Qm b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k'¥ofpgsf] nflu ljleGg ;]jf k|bfosx?dWo]af6 5gf}6 u/L s'g} Ps k|bfossf] ;]jf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] ;'ljwf pknJw u/fpg :jR5 k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0f agfO{ k|To]s ;]jfsf] nflu sDtLdf klg b'Oj6f ;]jf k|bfosx?n] ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ ;lsg] jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug{ cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

%=* :jR5 cGt/cfj4tf (Fair Interconnection):

b"/;+rf/ ;]jf lj:tf/ ug]{ kl/k|]Iodf Ps cfk;df :jR5 k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ kl/kf6L a;fO{ PseGbf a9L ;]jf k|bfosx?af6 ;]jf pknJw u/fpgsf nflu Ps csf{sf pks/0f aLr pko'Qm :yfgx?df :jR5 cGt/cfj4tf (interconnection) sf] ;'Joj:yf ugf{sf ;fy} o;/L ul/g] cGt/cfj4tf sfo{ jfkt nfUg] z'Ns plrt b/df to ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

^= /fli6«o b"/;+rf/ gLltM

b"/;+rf/ k|of]usf] JofkstfnfO{ dgg ubf{ clw/fHosf ;dk"0f{ If]qx?df hlt ;Sbf] rf"8f] o; ;]jfsf] dfusf] cfk"lt{ ;dod} u/L d'n'ssf] ljsf; sfo{sf] nflu clt cfjZos gof" b"/;+rf/ ;]jfx? klg pknJw u/fpg lghL If]qsf] ;d]t ;+nUgtfdf :jR5 k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fdf b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug{ of] gLltsf] th'{df ul/Psf] 5 .

^=! dfu cg';f/ 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf pknJw u/fpg / cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] cltl/qm jhf/sf] dfu cg'?k gof" gof" b"/;+rf/ ;]jfx? pknJw u/fpg] .

^=@ cfkm\gf] 5'§} 6]lnkmf]g nfOg gx'g]x?sf nflu klg cfwf/e"t b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ;lhn} pknJw x'g ;Sg] Joj:yf ug]{ .

^=# clw/fHosf b'u{d tyf clt b'u{d u|fdL0f If]qx?df klg cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf pknJw u/fpg] .

^=$ b"/;+rf/nfO{ /fli6«o ljsf;sf] d'Vo k"jf{wf/sf] ?kdf ljsl;t ug]{ .

^=% b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] ljsf; Pj+ ;+rfngdf lghL If]qnfO{ ;d]t ;+nUg u/fpg] .

^=^ b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ;+rfngdf xfn;Dd Psflwsf/ /x]sf] g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgnfO{ k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fdf sfd ug{ ;Sg] agfpg ;+:yfgsf] xfnsf] ;+/rgfdf kl/jt{g u/L b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] ljsf;df lghL If]qsf] ;d]t ;xeflutf u/fpg] .

^=& ;]jf k|bfosx?aLr :jR5 k|lt:kwf{sf] jftfj/0f ;[hgf u/L plrt d"Nodf l56f] 5l/tf] / u'0f:t/o'Qm b"/;+rf/ ;]jf pknJw u/fpg] .

^=* ljleGg ;]jf ;+rfnsx?sf] ;+/rgf (Network) Ps csf{df cfj4 (Interconnection) ug{ plrt jftfj/0fsf] ;[hgf ug]{ .

&= sfo{gLltM

/fli6«o b"/;+rf/ gLlt ;'rf? ?kn] nfu' ug{ / ;f] gLltdf plNnlvt p2]Zo kl/k"lt{ ug{ lgDg sfo{gLltsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

&=! b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] juL{s/0f tyf ;]jf k|bfg ug{sf] nflu cg'dltsf] Joj:yfM

b"/;+rf/ ;]jfnfO{ lgDg ju{df juL{s/0f u/L ;+rfngsf nflu b]xfo cg';f/ cg'dltsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .

-s_ cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf

-v_ df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf

-u_ lkmS;8 6]lnsDo"lgs]zg ;]jf -b"/;+rf/sf cGo cltl/Qm g]6js{ ;]jf VANS)

-s_ cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfM

!= :yfgLo 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf, cGtb]{zLo 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf, cGt/f{li6«o 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf, 6]n]S; ;]jf / cGtb]{zLo tyf cGt/f{li6«o 6]lnu|fkm ;]jfx? cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf cGtu{t kb{5g\ . g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgn] xfn pko'{Qm ;]jfx? pknJw u/fO{ cfPsf]n] tL ;]jfx? ;+rfngsf] nflu b"/;+rf/ P]gdf Joj:yf eP cg";f/ g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgnfO{ cg'dlt kq lbOg] 5 .

@= cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfdWo] xfnnfO{ jfo/ n]; nf]sn n"k (WLL) k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t :yfgLo 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf clw/fHoel/ ;+rfng ug{ kfpg] u/L lghL If]qdf k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ Psdfq ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ af]nkqsf] k|lqmofåf/f cg'dltkqsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 . o;/L Pp6f ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ cg'dltkq k|bfg u/]sf] % jif{ geO{ cGo ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ ;fwf/)ftof cg'dltkq k|bfg ul/g] 5}g .

#= ;g\ @))) kl5 cGtb]{zLo / cGt/f{li6«o b/;+rf/ ;]jf ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu k|lt:kwf{sf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .

$= g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfg nufot cfwf/e"t b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k|bfos / df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf ;+rfnsx?nfO{ cfˆgf] ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf If]q cGtu{tsf k|To]s uf=lj=;= df sDtLdf Pp6f ;fj{hlgs 6]lnkmf]g (PCO) ;+rfng ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj lbOg]5 .

-v_ df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfM

df]jfOn b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] xsdf GSM k|ljlw ckgfO{ ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ af]nkq k|lqmofåf/f 5gf}6 u/L clw/fHoe/sf nflu b'O{j6f cg'dltkq k|bfg ul/g]5 . o;/L k|bfg ul/g] b'O{j6f cg'dlt kq dwo] af]nkq k|lqmofåf/f 5gf}6 ul/Psf af]nkqbftfnfO{ Pp6f / ;dfg ;]jf zt{df g} ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgn] OR5f u/]df ;f] ;+:yfgnfO{ Pp6f cg'dltkq k|bfg ul/g]5 . cGoyf k"j{ 5gf}6 (Pre-qualified) ePsf af]nkqbftfx?dWo] Pp6fnfO{ ;dfg ;]jf / zt{df ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ bf];|f] cg'dltkq lbOg]5 .

-u_ lkmS:8 6]lnsDo"lgs]zg ;]jfM

lgDg lnlvt b"/;+rf/ ;]jfx?sf nflu h'g;'s} ;dodf klg cg'dltkq k|bfg x'g] u/L >L % sf] ;/sf/n] lg0f{o lnO{;s]sf] 5 . oL ;]jfx?sf] cg'dltkqsf] ;+Vof ;Lldt x'g] 5}g / lgj]bgsf] cfwf/df k|flws/0fn] d"Nof+sg u/L cg'dlt kq lbg]5 .

-!_ OG6g]{6 -O–d]n ;lxt_ (Internet includign e-mail)

-@_ O–d]n (e-mail)

-#_ EjfO; d]n (Voice Mail)

-$_ lel8of] 6]Si6 (Video Text)

-%_ km\ofS; d]n (Fax Mail)

-6_ le:of6 ;]jf -8f6f ;]jfsf] nflu_ (VSAT for Data communication)

-&_ cl8of] sGkm]/G; (Audio Conference)

-*_ k] kmf]g (Pay Phone)

-(_ lk| k]8 slnª sf8{ (Pre-paid calling Card)

-!)_ :yfgLo 8f6f sDo"lgs]zg (Local Data Communication)

-!!_ /]l8of] k]lhË (Radio Paging)

-!@_ 6«+s df]jfOn (Trunk Mobile)

gof" ;]jfx? ;+rfng ug{ cfjZos ePdf tyf ;+rfnsx? cGo gof" ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ OR5's ePdf cj:yf x]/L dflyusf] ;"rLdf yk ul/g] 5 .

&=@ cg'dltkq lng' gkg]{M

b"/;+rf/ k|0ffnLdf cfj4 x'g] u/L 3/df h8fg ul/g] 6]lnkmf]g ;]6 /fVg, xfn g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgn] ;+rfng u/L/fv] h:tf ;fj{hlgs 6]lnkmf]g (Public Call Office - PCO) sf] ;+rfng ug{, s'g} b"/;+rf/ k|0ffnLdf cfj4 geO{ cfkm\gf] 3/ sDkfp08leq dfq ;Lldt /xg] u/L lghL k|of]usf] nflu ;+rfng ul/g] ;]jf, /fli6«o ;'/Iffsf] nflu tyf >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] sfo{sf] nflu dfq ;Lldt /xg] u/L >L % sf] ;/sf/n] ;+rfng ug]{ b"/;+rf/ ;]jf / cGt/f{li6«o ;D´f}tf (Convention) cg';f/ btf{ ePsf xjfOhxfhleq h8fg ul/Psf b"/;+rf/ pks/0fx?af6 ;+rfng x'g] lsl;dsf ;]jfx? k|flws/0f ;dIf btf{ u/fO{ >L % sf] ;/sf/ jf k|flws/0faf6 o; ;DaGwdf a]nf a]nfdf lbOg] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug'{kg]{ u/L ;+rfng ug{ kfOg] Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 . plNnlvt ;]jfsf cltl/Qm k|flws/0fsf] l;kmfl/zdf >L % sf] ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt u/L cg'dltkq lng' gkg]{ vfnsf cGo ;]jfx? tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .

&=# >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 a]nf a]nfdf g]kfn /fhkqåf/f ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L tf]ls lbPsf b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ;+rfngsf] nflu lbOg] cg'dltkqsf] ;+Vof / k|lqmofM

b"/;+rf/sf cGo cltl/Qm ;]jf (Value Added Service) ju{df kg]{ ;]jfx? ;+rfngsf] nflu b"/;+rf/ k|flws/0faf6 cg'dlt lng' kg]{5 . pQm ;]jfx?dwo] s'g} Ps jf PseGbf a9L ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ OR5's JolQm jf ;+:yfn] ;]jf ;+rfng ug{nfO{ cfjZos lj:t[t ljj/0f b"/;+rf/ k|flws/0f ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / k|flws/0fåf/f ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ ;Ifd 7fg]sf ;DefJo k|bfosnfO{ cg'dltkq lbOg] 5 . :jR5 k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0f ;[hgf u/L hg;fwf/0fnfO{ cfkm\gf] rfxgf cg';f/sf] ;j{;'ne ;]jf k|bfos dfkm{t plrt d"Nodf pknJw u/fpg] p2]Zo cg'?k oL ;]jfx?sf] nflu lbOg] cg'dltkqsf] ;+Vof ;Lldt ul/g] 5}g . h'g;'s} avt /Ltk"j{s lgj]bg lbg] / ;]jf ;+rfngsf] nflu ;Ifd 7flgPsf ;a}nfO{ of] cg'dltkq lbOg]5 . t/ /]l8of] lk|msj]G;L k|of]u u/L ;+rfng x'g] lsl;dsf b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] nflu eg] cg'dltkqsf] ;+Vof ;f]xL cg'?k ;Lldt x'g]5 .

&=$ cfwf/e"t b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ;j{;'ne ug]{ (Universal Access):

cfkm\gf] 5'§} 6]lnkmf]g nfOg gx'g]x?nfO{ klg cfjZostfg';f/ cfwf/e"t b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] ;'Joj:yf tyf ;j{;'ne ug{ lgDg Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

!= ;fj{hlgs 6]lnkmf]g (PCO) ;]jfsf] ;+rfngM

xfn g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgn] zx/L tyf u|fdL0f If]qdf pknJw u/fp+b} cfPsf] ;fj{hlgs 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfnfO{ c´ a9L lj:tf/ ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

@= k]–kmf]g (Pay Phone) sf] Joj:yfM

hg;fwf/0fnfO{ b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ;xh / ;'ne ?kdf pknJw u/fpg dxTjk"0f{ ;fj{hlgs :ynx?df k]–kmf]g (Pay Phone) ;]jf ;+rfngsf nflu lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg lbOg] 5 .

#= 6]lnkmf]g snsf] k'gM a]rlavg ug]{ sfo{ (Resale):

hg;fwf/0fnfO{ cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf ;j{;'ne u/fpg] x]t'n] cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k|bfosx?n] pknJw u/fPsf] 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k"gM a]rlavg ug{ (Resale) 5'6 lbOg] 5 . o; k|lqmofaf6 b'u{d tyf clt b'u{d If]qdf klg hg;xeflutf eO{ b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ;j{;'ne x'g]5 .

&=% u|fdL0f b"/;+rf/ ljsf; sf]if (RTDF) sf] :yfkgfM

!= clw/fHosf b'u{d tyf clt b'u{d If]q nufot ;Dk"0f{ u|fdL0f If]qx?df cfwf/e"t b"/;+rf/ ;]jf pknJw u/fpg] gLlt g'?k k|To]s uf=lj=;= df sDtLdf klg Pp6f 6]lnkmf]g nfOgsf] Joj;yf ul/g]5 .

@= u|fdL0f If]qdf b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ lghL If]qnfO{ klg ;+nUg u/fOg]5 . ef}uf]lns ?kdf uf=lj=;=x?nfO{ juL{s/0f u/L af]nkqåf/f lghL If]qsf ;]jf k|bfosx?sf] rog ul/g]5 .

#= b]zsf] pQ/L e]udf /x]sf clwsf+z uf=lj=;= x? tyf cgo k|ljlwsf] dfWodaf6 ;]jf k'¥ofpg g;lsg] uf=lj=;=x?sf] nflu VSAT k|ljlw dfkm{t ;]jf pknJw u/fOg] 5 / o;sf] nflu klg af]nkq k|lqmofåf/f lghL ;]jf k|bfossf] rog ul/g] 5 . VSAT ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ clw/fHoe/ 8f6f ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ cfjZostf cg';f/ cg'dlt lbOg]5 .

$= VSAT jf cGo k|ljlwaf6 Ps jf b'O{ nfOg 6]lnkmf]g ePsf 7fp"df hg;xeflutfaf6 ;d]t :yfgLo g]6js{ lj:tf/ u/L yk 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf lj:tf/ ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 . o:tf uf=lj=;=x?df tf/ k|of]u u/L g]6js{ lj:tf/ ubf{ tf/ dfkm{t cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g lbg] g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgsf] Psflwsf/n] afwf k/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .

%= b'u{d tyf clt b'u{d If]qsf uf=lj=;=x?df b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k|bfg ug{ nufgL ug]{ ;]jf k|bfosx?nfO{ ;x'lnot b/df C0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ / cfjZos k/]df cg'bfg lbgsf nflu cfly{s ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn b"/;+rf/ k|flws/0f cGtu{t Pp6f u|fdL0f b"/;+rf/ ljsf; sf]if (RTDF) sf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 . g]kfn b"/;+rf/ k|flws/0faf6 cg'dltkq lnP/ b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ;+rfng ug]{ ;a} ;]jf k|bfosn] cfkm\gf] jflif{s s"n cfDbfglsf] @% n] x'g cfpg] /sd u|fdL0f ljsf; sf]ifdf clgjfo{ ?kn] hDdf ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

^= cfwf/e"t b"/;+rf/ ;]jf / 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ cg'dltkq k|fKt ;]jf k|bfosx?n] cfkm"n] ;]jf k'¥ofpg] If]qdf ;]jf ;+rfngsf] nflu nufgL ul/g] hddf /sdsf] !%% /sd pqm if]qleqsf uf=lj=;= x?df b"/;+rf/ ;]jf ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu vr{ ug'{kg]{5 .

&=^ cfly{s Ifdtf (Economic Efficiency):

!= :jR5 k|lt:kwf{sf] jftfj/0f lbuf] /fVg / ;–;fgf b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k|bfosx?af6 klg o; If]qdf k|d'v e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ lbg To:tf ;–;fgf ;]jf k|bfosx?nfO{ ;+/If0f lbg' kg]{ ePsf]n] 7"nf ;]jf k|bfosx?nfO{ cfkm"åf/f ;+rflnt Ps ;]jfaf6 csf]{ ;]jfdf cg'bfg (Cross Subsidy) lbgaf6 /f]s nufpg] k|of; ul/g]5 . b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k|bfosx?n] k|To]s ;]jfsf] nflu 5'§} n]vf /fVg' kg]{ JoJ;yf ldnfOg] 5 .

@= :jR5 k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fdf b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] ljsf;sf nflu nfutdf cfwfl/t ;]jf z'Ns lgwf{/0f ug{ nufOg]5 .

&=& nufgLsf] nflu plrt jftfj/0fsf] ;[hgf (Improved Access to Capital):

!= b"/;+rf/ If]qdf nufgL ug{ cfjZos kg]{ k""hL kl/rfng ug{sf] nflu o; If]qdf lghL If]qsf nufgLstf{x?nfO{ cfslif{t ug]{ u/L sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g]5 . o; l;nl;nfdf g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgsf] ;+/rgfdf kl/jt{g ug]{ k|lqmof rfn' ugf{sf ;fy} gof" ;+rfnsx?nfO{ klg ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ cg'dltkqsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

@= WLL k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf / GSM k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ lghL If]qnfO{ cg'dltkq lbOg]5 . Ps k6sdf al9df !) jif{ cjlwsf] u/L hDdf @% jif{;Ddsf] nflu cg'dltkqsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

#= b"/;+rf/sf cGo cltl/Qm (VANS) ;]jfx? clw/fHosf ljleGg :yfgx?df lj:tf/ ug]{ clek|fon] ljleGg ef}uf]lns If]qx?df ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ ;lsg] u/L cg'dltkqsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .

$= a9L k""hLsf] cfjZostf kg]{ / af]nkqåf/f ;]jf k|bfossf] rog ug'{kg]{ cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf tyf df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfx? ;f´]bf/Ldf ;+rfng ubf{ g]kfnL nufgLstf{x?sf] ;f´]bf/L clgjfo{ ul/g]5 .

&=* g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgdf lghL If]qsf] ;xeflutf (Participation of Private Sector in Nepal Telecommunications Corporation):

g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgnfO{ k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fdf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] u/L ;Ifd agfpg / ;]jf lj:tf/ sfo{sf] nflu cfjZos k""hLsf] kl/rfng ug{ o; ;+:yfnfO{ sDkgL P]gdf kl/jt{g u/L qmdzM lghL If]qsf] ;xeflutfdf a[l4 ul/g]5 .

&=( u|fxsn] 5gf}6 ug{ kfpg] ;'ljwf (Customer Choice by Competition):

!= ljleGg b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k|bfosx?dwo]af6 cfkm\gf] rfxgf cg'?ksf ;]jfx? 5gf}6 ug]{ cj;/ u|fxsnfO{ lbnfpg a}slNks ;]jf k|bfossf] JoJ;yf ul/g]5 . o;sf] nflu WLL k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t cfwf/e"t b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k|bfg ug[ lghL If]qsf] Pp6f ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ cg'dltkq lbOg] 5 . df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] xsdf lghL If]qsf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ Pp6f cg'dltkq / ;dfg ;]jf zt{df ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ d~h"/ g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgnfO{ klg cg'dltkq k|bfg ul/g]5 . cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] ubf{ cfwf/e"t b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ tf]lslbPsf] u|fdl0f If]qdf ;fwf/0ftof a}slNks ;]jf k|bfossf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5}g .

@= ;g\ @))) ;Dd WLL/GSM sf u|fxsx?n] cGtb]{zLo 6«+s tyf cGt/f{li6«o b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] nflu g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgsf] g]6js{ k|of]u ug'{kg]{ 5 . t/,

#= WLL/GSM ;]jf ;+rfnsn] ;g\ @))! b]lv cfkm\g} g]6js{ dfkm{t cfkm\gf u|fxsx?nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o b"/;+rf/ ;]jf pknJw u/fpg ;sg]5 . jt{dfg gDjl/Ë Knfgdf k'/fjnf]sg u/L /fli6«o gDal/Ë Knfg (National Numbeirng Plan) to geP;Dd g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgsf u|fxsx?nfO{ o; g]6js{ dfkm{t cGt/f{li6«o ;]jf pknJw u/fpg kfOg] 5}g .

$= dxz'ndf k'gM ;Gt'ng ug]{ (Tariff Rebalancing) sfo{ g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgn] ;g\ @))$ ;Dddf ;DkGg ug"{kg]{ 5 / ;f] sfo{ k'/f ePkl5 cGt/f{li6«o b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf nflu yk cg'dltkq k|bfg ul/g]5 .

&=!) :jR5 cGt/cfj4tf (Fair Interconnection) sf] Joj:yfM

!= Ps cg'dltkq k|fKt JolQmn] ljsf; u/]sf] b"/;+rf/ k|0ffnL csf]{ cg'dltkq k|fKt JolQmn] ljsf; u/]sf] b"/;+rf/ k|0ffnL;"u k/:k/df hf]8\g / k|of]u ug{ kfpg]5 . o;/L Ps csf{df cfj4tf jfkt to ul/g] z'Nsb/ / ;f] cGt/cfj4tfsf] nflu to ul/g] zt{ tyf aGb]h ;]jf k|bfosx?sf] ;xdltdf to ug'{kg]{5 . o;/L b'O{ ;]jf k|bfosx?aLr nufOg] z'Nsb/ k|ljlw / nufgLdf cfwfl/t x'g"sf] ;fy} :ki6 / t6:y x'g' kg]{5 . nufgLdf cfwfl/t z'Nssf] nflu e/kbf]{ cfjZos n]vf ;DjGwL ;"rgf k|fKt geP;Dd u|fxsx?af6 lng] u/]sf] dxz'nnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL z'Ns lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 . gof" ;+rfnsx?sf] xsdf ;]jf z'? u/]b]lv ;s];Dd nufgLdf cfwfl/t z'Nsb/ lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{5 .

@= WLL/GSM 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf ;+rfng ug]{ gof" ;+rfnsx?nfO{ ;]jf ;+rfng z'? ug{ cfjZos cGt/cfj5tf (Interconnection) ;se/ rf"8f] pknJw u/fpg To; ;DaGwL lgod tyf zt{x?sf] lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 . WLL/GSM ;]jf ;+rfnsnfO{ nfO;]g; lbOPsf] 6 dlxgfleq g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfg;"u cGt/cfj4tfaf/] cfjZos ;D´f}tf x'g g;s]df b'j} kIf aLr ;D´f}tf eP/ nfu' geP;Ddsf] cjlwsf] nflu k|flws/0fn] zt{ tyf z'Ns tf]sL ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ nufpg] 5 .

#= df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g tyf u|fdL0f If]qdf ;+rfng ul/g] VSAT ;]jf nufot cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf lbg] ;a} ;+rfnsx?n] yf]s d"Nosf] cfwf/df g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfg;"u cfkm\gf] g]6js{ cfj4 ug{ kfpg] 5 . t/ 8f6f ;]jf nufot b"/;+rf/sf cGo cltl/Qm ;]jf k|bfosx?nfO{ eg] ;fdfGo (Normal) z'Ns nfUg]5 .

$= k|lt:kwL{x? a9L kmfObf x'g] If]qdf dfq ;]jf k|bfg ug[ cfslif{t eO{ (Cream Skimming u/L_ 3f6f Joxf]g'{ kg]{ If]qdf g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgn] (Incumbent Operator) ;]jfx? pknJw u/fpg' kg]{ afWotfaf6 pQm ;+:yfgnfO{ arfpg dxz'ndf k'gM ;Gt'ng (Tariff Rebalancing) ug]{ sfo{sf] yfngL ul/g] 5 . of] sfo{ ;g\ @))$ ;Dddf dfq k"/f x'g ;Sg] l:ylt /x]sf]n] ;f] cjlw;Ddsf] nflu nfut d"Nodf s]xL yk u/L z'Ns lgwf{/0f ug{ g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfg / WLL ;+rfnsnfO{ 5'6 lbOg]5 .

%= cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf ;+rfnsx?åf/f df]jfOn ;]jf ;+rfnsx?;"u lnO{g] cGt/cfj4tf z'Ns ;dfg tyf e]befj /lxt x'g' kg]{ / df]jfOn ;]jf ;+rfnsx?n] cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf ;+rfnsx?;"u lnOg] ;f] z'Ns klg ;dfg tyf e]befj /lxg x'g' kg]{ u/L Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .

*= sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;+:yfM

of] gLlt sfof{gjog ug{df lgDg ;+:yfx?sf] k|d'v e"ldsf x'g]5M

>L % sf] ;/sf/, ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ dGqfno – gLlt lgwf{/0fstf{ .
g]kfn b"/;+rf/ k|flws/0f – lgofds (Regulator), k|jw{s (Promotor) tyf cg'dltkq k|bfos .
g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfg tyf cGo gof" ;]jf k|bfosx? – cg'dltkq k|fKt u/L ;]jf ;+rfng ug]{ .

g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfg tyf cGo gof" ;]jf k|bfosx?n] ljleGg k|sf/sf b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k|bfg ug]{5g\ . cfkm\gf] sfo{ If]q cGtu{t cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; (Research & Development) ug]{ pQ/bfloTj ;]jf ;+rfns :jo+sf] x'g]5 .

(= b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] ljsf;sf nflu ckgfOg] sfo{qmdx?M

b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug]{ sfo{df k|f]T;fxg ug]{ sfo{gLltsf cltl/Qm /fli6«o b"/;+rf/ gLltn] b"/;+rf/ ;]jfx?sf] ljsf;sf] nflu rflxg] s]xL lgb]{lzsf / sfo{qmd to u/]sf] 5 . gLltdf plNnlvt nIox? k/f ug{ cfjZos sfo{qmd lgDg cg';f/ pNn]v ul/Psf 5g\ .

(=! Psflwsf/sf] Joj:yfM

(=@ VSAT ;]jfM

!= clt ;fgf] l8:s PG6]gf ePsf] le:of6 6ld{gn :yfkgf u/L :of6}nfO6 g]6js{ dfkm{t Jofkfl/s If]qsf] nflu clt pkof]uL 8f6f sDo"lgs]zg ;]jf ;+rfng u/L o; ;]jfsf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug]{ p2]Zon] o; ;]jfnfO{ v'Nnf ul/Psf] 5 .

@= b'u{d tyf clt b'u{d u|fdl0f If]qx?df le:of6 dfkm{t cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf pknJw u/fpg] ;DjGwdf 5'§} Joj:yf ul/g]5 . o; Joj:yf cg';f/ b'u{d tyf clt b'u{d u|fdL0f If]qx?df cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k|bfg ug{ cg'dlt k|fKt le:of6 ;]jf k|bfosn] clw/fHoleq 8f6f ;]jf klg ;+rfng ug{ kfpg] 5 / cgo cg'dltkq k|fKt ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ Point to Point Data Communication sf lgldQ lnhdf lbg ;Sg]5 .

(=# dxz'n k'gM ;Gt'lnt ug'{ (Tariff Rebalancing):

;a} lsl;dsf] b"/;+rf/ ;]jfdf nufOg] dxz'nb/ ;se/ nfutdf cfwfl/t u/L lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 . t/ of] gLlt b"u{d tyf clt b'u{d u|fdl0f Onfsf -uf=lj=;=_ df ;+rfng ug]{ ;]jfdf nfu' x'g] 5}g .

dxz'n k'gM ;Gt'lnt ug]{ sfo{ (Tariff Rebalancing) k"/f u/]kl5 ljleGg ;]jfx? aLr Ps csf{df cg'bfg (Cross Subsidy) sf] ?kdf k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g . o;af6 u|fxsx?n] a'´fpg] dxz'n cfkm"n] k|fKt u/]sf] ;]jf cg';f/ x'g]5 . dxz'n k'gM ;Gt"lnt ug]{ k|lqmofdf Price Cap sf] Joj:yf g]kfn b"/;+rf/ k|flws/0fn] ug]{5 .

(=$ g]kfnL :jfldTjsf] gLltM

6]08/åf/f k|bfg ul/g] cg'dltkqsf] nflu g]kfnL nufgLstf{sf] ;xeflutf Go"gtd @)% x'g' kg]{5 . hDdf k""hL nufgLsf] krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L ljb]zL JolQm jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] nufgL ePsf] b"/;+rf/ ;]jf;"u ;DalGwt hUuf, ejg, oGq, pks/0f tyf ;+/rgf cflbdf cg'dlt kqsf] cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj x'g]5 .

(=% g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgsf] Strategic ;f´]bf/M

g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgnfO{ sDkgLdf l56} kl/0ft ul/g]5 . g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgsf] Strategic cNk ;+Vos efuLbf/sf] nflu ;s];Dd l56f] 6]08/ cfJxfg ul/g]5 . o; gLltn] gof" efuLbf/sf] cfly{s nufgL g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgdf yk x'g uO{ g]kfn b"/;+rf/ ;+:yfgsf] cfly{s cj:yfdf ljsf; x'g]5 .

(=^ gLlt tyf sfo{gLtLdf ;+zf]wgM

b"/;+rf/ ;]jfsf] ljsf;nfO{ b[li6ut u/L of] gLlt tyf sfo{ gLlt ;g\ @))$ ;Ddsf nflu tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . k|ljlwsf] ljsf; Pj+ ;]jf lj:tf/sf] cfjzostf cg';f/ o;nfO{ ;d;fdlos agfpg k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 .